Mā te aroturuki maha-tawhā ka whakaratohia he mōhiohio nui mō ngā tūroro hauora me te aroturuki i te taatai haumanu. Ka kitea ngā tohu ECG o te tinana tangata, te tere o te ngakau, te kukū o te hāora i roto i te toto, te pēhanga toto, te auau manawa, te pāmahana me ētahi atu tawhā nui i te wā tonu, ka noho hei momo taputapu nui mō te aroturuki i ngā tohu ora o ngā tūroro.Ionakerka hangaia he kupu whakataki poto mō ngā raruraru me ngā hapa e kitea whānuitia ana i te wā e whakamahia anaaroturuki maha-tawhāMō ngā pātai motuhake, tirohia te ratonga kiritaki ipurangi.
1. He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā ara iahiko ngākau 3-ara me ngā ara iahiko 5-ara?
A: Ka taea anake e te electrocardiogram 3-lead te tiki i te electrocardiogram mata I, II, III, engari ka taea e te electrocardiogram 5-lead te tiki i te electrocardiogram mata I, II, III, AVR, AVF, AVL, V.
Hei whakahaere i te hononga tere, ka whakamahia e mātou te tikanga tohu tae hei whakapiri tere i te hiko ki te tūranga e rite ana. E 3 ngā waea arataki ngākau he whero, he kōwhai, he kakariki, he mā rānei, he mangu, he whero; e 5 ngā waea arataki ngākau he mā, he mangu, he whero, he kakariki me te parauri. Ko ngā arataki tae kotahi o ngā waea e rua he mea whakanoho ki ngā tūranga hiko rerekē. He pono ake te whakamahi i ngā whakarāpopototanga RA, LA, RL, LL, C hei whakatau i te tūranga i te maumahara ki te tae.
2. He aha i tūtohutia ai kia mau tuatahi i te taupoki matimati mō te hauhā?
Nā te mea he tere ake te mau i te kopare matihao oximetry i te hono i te waea ecg, ka taea te aroturuki i te tere o te manawa me te oximetry o te tūroro i roto i te wā poto rawa, ka taea ai e te hunga hauora te whakaoti tere i te aromatawai i ngā tohu tino taketake o te tūroro.
3. Ka taea te whakanoho i te ringaringa matimati OXImetry me te poroporo toto toto tiketike ki te peka kotahi?
Ka aukati te ine i te toto toto, ā, ka pā ki te rere o te toto uaua, ka hua ake he koretake o te aroturuki i te kukū o te hāora i te wā e ine ana i te toto toto. Nō reira, kāore i te tūtohutia kia mau i te ringaringa matimati kukū o te hāora me te poroporo sphygmomanometer aunoa i te peka kotahi i te taha hauora.
4. Me whakakapi ngā irahiko ina pāngia tonutia ngā tūroro e te mate urutā?ECGte aroturuki?
Me whakakapi te hiko. Ki te roa te piri o te hiko ki te wāhanga kotahi, ka puta he ponana, he pupuhi. Me tirotiro tonu te kiri, ahakoa kei te ora tonu te kiri, me whakakapi hoki te hiko me te wāhi piri i ia 3 ki te 4 rā, kia kore ai e pakaru te kiri.
5. He aha ngā mea hei aro atu mā tātou ki te aroturuki i te toto toto kore-whakaekenga?
(1) Kia tūpato ki te karo i te aroturuki i te fistula o roto, te hemiplegia, ngā peka me te taha kotahi o te mate pukupuku ū e tangohia ana, ngā peka me te werohanga, me ngā peka me te pupuhi me te hematoma me te kiri kua pakaru. Me aro hoki ki ngā tūroro he ngoikore te mahi toto toto me te mate pūtau libriform hei karo i ngā tautohetohe hauora e puta mai ana i te ine toto.
(2) Me whakakapi tonu te wāhanga ine. E kī ana ngā tohunga me whakakapi i ia 4 hāora. Kaua e ine tonu i te peka kotahi, ka puta he purpura, he ischemia me te kino o ngā io i te peka e mirimiri ana ki te poroporo.
(3) I te wā e ine ana i ngā pakeke, ngā tamariki me ngā pēpi hou, me aro ki te whiriwhiri me te whakarerekē i te uara o te poroporo me te pēhanga. Nā te mea ka tūpono te haumaru o ngā tamariki ki te pēhanga e pā ana ki ngā pakeke ki ngā tamariki me ngā pēpi hou; ā, ina whakatakotoria te taputapu ki roto i te pēpi hou, e kore e ine i te pēhanga toto pakeke.
6. Me pēhea te kimi i te manawa me te kore he pūnaha aroturuki manawa?
Ko te manawa i runga i te aroturuki e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā irahiko electrocardiogram hei rongo i ngā huringa o te aukati o te uma, me te whakaatu i te āhua o te ngaru me ngā raraunga o te manawa. Nā te mea he irahiko tairongo manawa ngā irahiko o raro maui me runga matau, he mea nui tō rāua tūnga. Me whakanoho ngā irahiko e rua ki te taha whakarara kia tae atu ki te tawhiti e taea ai kia whiwhi ai i te ngaru manawa pai rawa atu. Mena ko te manawa puku te mea nui mā te tūroro, me whakapiri te irahiko o raro maui ki te taha maui ki te wāhi e tino kitea ana ngā pupuhi o te puku.
7. Me pēhea te whakatakoto i te whānuitanga whakaoho mō ia tawhā?
Ngā mātāpono whakatakoto whakaoho: hei whakarite i te haumaru o te tūroro, hei whakaiti i te pokanoa o te haruru, kāore e whakaaetia kia kati te mahi whakaoho, engari ko te katinga wā poto i roto i te whakaoranga, kāore te awhe whakaoho i whakatakotoria ki te awhe noa, engari me waiho hei awhe haumaru.
Ngā tawhā whakaoho: te tere o te ngakau 30% i runga ake, i raro iho hoki i tōna ake tere o te ngakau; Ka whakatakotoria te pēhanga toto i runga i ngā tohutohu hauora, te āhua o te tūroro me te pēhanga toto taketake; Ka whakatakotoria te mākū o te hāora i runga i te āhua o te tūroro; Me rangona te reo whakaoho i roto i te whānuitanga o te mahi a te nēhi; Me whakarerekē te awhe whakaoho i ngā wā katoa i runga i te āhuatanga, ā, me tirotiro i te iti rawa kotahi i ia huringa.
8. He aha ngā take mō te korenga e whakaatuhia ana i te āhua ngaru o te mata o te aroturuki ecg?
1. Kāore te hiko i te piri tika: e whakaatu ana te mata kua momotu te taura, nā te mea kāore te hiko i te piri tika, nā te mea rānei kua mirimirihia te hiko nā te nekehanga o te tūroro.
2. Te werawera me te paru: ka werawera te tūroro, ka kore rānei te kiri e ma, ka uaua te kawe hiko, ka kore ai e pā tika ki te hiko.
3. Ngā raruraru kounga o te hiko o te ngākau: kāore i te tika te penapena o ētahi hiko, kua pau te wā, kua tawhito rānei.
4. Hapa taura: Kua tawhito, kua whati rānei te taura.
6. Kāore te hiko i te whakanoho tika.
7. He hapa te TAUIRA e hono ana ki te papa ECG, ki te papa whakahaere MATUA rānei, ki te papa whakahaere matua rānei.
8. Waea whenua kāore i honoa: he mea nui te waea whenua ki te whakaatu noa i te āhua o te ngaru, ehara i te waea whenua, he take anō hoki tēnei e puta ai te āhua o te ngaru.
9. Kāore he ngaru aroturuki:
1. Tirohia:
Tuatahi, me whakaū mēnā kua tika te whakapiri o te hiko, me tirotiro i te tūranga o te hiko ngākau, te kounga o te hiko ngākau, me te mea he raruraru kei te waea arataki i runga i te piri me te kounga o te hiko. Me tirotiro mēnā he tika ngā mahi hononga, me te mēnā kua honoa te aratau arataki a te kaiwhakahaere kia rite ki te tikanga hononga o te aroturuki ecg, kia kore ai e whakamahia te tikanga penapena hoahoa mangere, arā, ko te hono i ngā hononga e rima, e toru anake ngā hononga.
Ki te kore te taura tohu ECG e hoki mai i muri i te whakatikatika i te hapa, tera pea kei te ngoikore te hononga o te taura tohu ECG i runga i te papa putanga tawhā, kei te he rānei te taura hononga, te papa whakahaere matua rānei i waenganui i te papa ECG me te papa whakahaere matua.
2. Arotake:
1. Tirohia ngā wāhanga o waho katoa o te kawe hiko o te ngākau (me kawe hiko ngā waea toronga e toru/rima e pā ana ki te tinana tangata ki ngā pine e toru/rima e rite ana i runga i te mono ecg. Mena he mutunga kore te ātete, me whakakapi te waea arataki). Tikanga: tangohia te waea kawe hiko o te ngākau, whakaritea te mata kōpiko o te mono o te waea arataki ki te awaawa o te hononga "kawe hiko o te ngākau" i te papa o mua o te rorohiko manaaki,
2, Whakawhitihia tēnei taura ecg ki ētahi atu mīhini hei whakaū i te rahunga o te taura ecg, te tawhito o te taura, te kino rānei o te pine.
3. Mena kei te whakaatu te hongere ngaru o te whakaaturanga ecg i te "kāore he tohu e whiwhi ana", he tohu tēnei kei te raru te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i te waeine ine ECG me te kaihautū. Mena kei te whakaatuhia tonutia te karere i muri i te whakaweto me te tīmata anō, me whakapā atu koe ki te kaiwhakarato.
3. Tirohia:
1. Me tika ngā mahi hono:
A. Horoia kia rima ngā tūranga motuhake o te tinana tangata ki te onepu i runga i te hikohiko, kātahi ka whakamahia te 75% etanoru hei horoi i te mata o te wāhi ine, kia tangohia ai ngā paru kiriuhi me te werawera i te kiri tangata, kia kore ai hoki e pā kino ki te hikohiko.
B. Honoa te pane o te irahiko o te waea kawe irahiko ngākau ki te irahiko o runga o ngā irahiko e 5.
C. Kia mimiti te etanoru kia ma, whakapirihia ngā irahiko e rima ki te tūranga kua whakaritea i muri i te horoinga kia pai ai te pa atu, kia kore ai e taka.
2. Te whakatairanga me te whakaakoranga e pā ana ki ngā tūroro me ō rātou whānau: kī atu ki ngā tūroro me ētahi atu kaimahi kia kaua e hutia te waea hiko me te waea mata, me kī atu ki ngā tūroro me ō rātou whanaunga kia kaua e tāpiri, e whakarerekē rānei i te aroturuki me te kore whakamanatanga, ka kino pea te taputapu. Ko ētahi tūroro me ō rātou whānau he mea ngaro, he mea whakawhirinaki ki te aroturuki, ā, ka puta te manukanuka me te mataku i ngā panonitanga o te aroturuki. Me mahi pai ngā nēhi i te whakamārama tika, e tika ana, kia kore ai e pokanoa ki te mahi nēhi noa, ka pā ki te whanaungatanga nēhi-tūroro.
3. Kia tūpato ki te tiaki i te aroturuki ina whakamahia mō te wā roa. He ngāwari te taka o te hikohiko i muri i te whakamahinga mō te wā roa, ka pā ki te tika me te kounga o te aroturuki. Whakakapia 3-4D kotahi; I te wa ano, tirohia me te aro ki te horoi me te patu huakita o te kiri, ina koa i te raumati wera.
4. Mena ka kitea he hapa nui i roto i te taputapu i te wā e arotakehia ana, e aroturukihia ana hoki e ngā kaimahi ngaio, he pai ake te tono atu ki ngā kaimahi taiwhanga ecg ngaio kia arotakehia, kia tātarihia hoki, kia tiakina hoki e ngā kaimahi ngaio o te kaihanga.
5. Honoa te waea whenua ina honoa. Tikanga: Honoa te pito ki te parahi kua whakakikoruatia ki te pito whenua kei te papa o muri o te kaihautū.
Wā tuku: Hōngongoi-01-2022
